政府在伊斯兰经济制度中发挥着重要作用。

The government plays an important role in the Economic System of Islam.

伊斯兰教规定，国家有责任为每个人提供食物、衣物、住所、教育、医疗和安全保障。国家还有责任为公民提供相应的条件，使其能够自行满足除这些基本需求之外的奢侈性需求。国家通过管理公共财产、利用其他来源的收入，以及营造良好的经济环境来实现这一目标，使人们因参与经济活动而满足自身的需要。

Islam makes it the responsibility of the State to provide food, clothing, shelter, education, health and security to every individual. It is also the responsibility of the State to enable citizens with the means to get luxurious needs in addition to these basic needs by themselves. The State achieves this through the management of public property, through the use of income from other sources and through provision of a good economic environment so that people satisfy their needs due to their involvement in economic activity.

一个国家固定的经济政策，例如伊斯兰世界的经济政策，源于关于宇宙、人和生命的总体观念，即伊斯兰的信仰（'aqeedah）以及由信仰在律例和概念层面所引申出的一切。由于伊斯兰的律法是固定的，并且它为人类福祉的问题提供了解决方案，因此穆斯林世界若去设计和规划一种非固定的经济政策，或一种与伊斯兰相悖的政策，都将是无效的。其经济政策必须建立在伊斯兰的信仰之上，即伊斯兰国家的经济政策应当仅以来自《古兰经》和圣训（Sunnah）的沙里亚（Shari'ah）法律为基础，以及这两大渊源所指引的、圣门弟子的公议（Ijma'，Ijma‘ of the Sahabah）和经天启认可的类比推理（Qiyas）。

The fixed economic policy of a country, like the Islamic world, emanates from the general concept about the universe, man and life, i.e. the Islamic ‘aqeedah and whatever is derived from the ‘aqeedah in terms of rules and concepts. Since the Islamic rules are fixed and since they provide a solution for the case of welfare for mankind, it would be ineffective for the Muslim world to design and plan a non-fixed economic policy, nor a policy alien to Islam. Its economic policy must be based on the Islamic ‘aqeedah, i.e. the economic policy of the Islamic State should be based upon nothing but Shari‘ah laws derived from the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah, and whatever these two sources have guided to in Ijma‘ of the Sahabah (consensus of the Companions) and Divine Qiyas (analogy).

伊斯兰的经济政策旨在解决个人的基本需求，使其能够改善生活方式，并实现个人的富足。该经济政策为个人提供实现富足的途径，同时始终使（沙里亚所确立的）崇高价值成为个人之间关系中的主导因素。

The Islamic economic policy aims at dealing with the essential needs of the individual, enabling him to improve his lifestyle and achieve prosperity as an individual. The economic policy provides the individual with the means to work towards achieving prosperity, by maintaining always the high values (laid down by the Shari‘ah) as the dominant factor in the relationships between individuals.

因此，伊斯兰国应当采取的经济政策，其目标不在于仅仅提高国民生产总值（GNP），也不在于建立所谓的“社会正义”或国家社会主义。该政策应当确保资源在乌玛（Ummah）全体成员之间得到正确的分配，从而保障所有人的基本需求，并在伊斯兰教法（Shari‘ah）的范围之内，允许每个人尽可能地满足其奢侈的需要。

Therefore, the economic policy that should be adopted by the Islamic State is not with the aim of just increasing the GNP (Gross National Product), nor creating what is called ‘Social Justice’, or state Socialism. The policy should be to ensure the correct distribution of resources, amongst all members of the Ummah, guaranteeing thereby the basic needs for all people, and allowing every individual to satisfy his luxurious needs as much as possible, within the boundaries of the Shari‘ah.

然而，资源与财富的分配，必须以拥有生产它们的手段以及改进其增长方式为前提。例如，土地需要被耕种，以提高产出。在此基础上，伊斯兰国家必须纳入一项经济发展计划。

However, the distribution of resources and wealth necessitates having the means to generate them and improve their methods of growth. The land, for instance, needs to be cultivated with the aim of increasing the output. On this basis, the Islamic State must incorporate a programme of economic development.