对经济安全的渴望是人性的一个基本面向。在社会中，资源与商品的分配由执政当局调节，当局依照统治者为此目的所选择的特定意识形态来运作事务——就我们而言，即资本主义。因此，人民受到其所处制度的限制与控制，必须在这些制度的框架之内满足自身的经济需求。

The desire for economic security is a fundamental aspect of human nature. In society, the distribution of resources and commodities is regulated by the governing authority, which runs affairs according to the particular ideology that the rulers have chosen for the purpose - in our case, Capitalism. Accordingly, the people are restricted and controlled by the systems which prevail over them, and must fulfil their economic needs within the framework of these systems.

住房问题是我们所处经济体系中的一个重要方面。我们每个人都需要一座房屋来遮风避雨，也需要它作为日常活动的根基。但是，如果你想一想自己在西方生活的处境，就会发现住房带来了许多问题……

The issue of our housing is an important aspect of the economic system that we are subject to. We all need a house to shelter from the elements, and as a base for our everyday activities. But, if you think for a moment about your own situation living in the West, housing throws up many problems....

房价即便是中等水平的住房，也高得惊人。以一个普通家庭（就像你自己的家庭）所需的房屋为例，购买价格大约在五万至十万英镑甚至更高之间，具体取决于所在位置。当然，这一数字远远超过建造该房屋所需材料和人工的实际成本。事实上，这一价格通常被人为抬高，从而为银行和房屋互助协会创造业务来源，因为购房者必须与它们打交道才能买房。

The price of even modest accommodation is staggering. If you take a house suitable for an average family (like your own), the cost of buying it would range from about £50,000 to £100,000 or more, depending on its location. This figure of course, goes far beyond the actual cost of the materials and labour required to build it. In fact, it is usually artificially inflated to create a source of business for banks and building societies from people who have to deal with them in order to buy a house.

考虑一下你自己的情况。你要为家人提供生活所需——食物、衣物、账单、教育等等……在这些开支都安排妥当之后，你的收入是否足以让你买得起一套房子？几乎可以肯定不能！那么，你有哪些可选的途径呢？

Consider yourself. You have to provide for your family - food, clothing, bills, education etc....After all these are taken care of, does your income put you in a position to afford to buy a house? Almost certainly not! So what are the options available to you?

这样确实能解决住房问题，但你会满足于与家人一起租房居住吗？大多数人不会。毕竟，这并不能给你的未来带来保障——你可能不得不随房东的心意在各处搬迁。这会影响你的工作、孩子的教育等等。房东还可能随心所欲地提高租金。

This will give you housing, but would you feel satisfied with living with your family in rented accommodation? Most people would not. After all this gives no security for your future - you may have to move from place to place, depending on the whims of a landlord. This affects your job, your children’s education and so on. The landlord may choose to raise the rent as he pleases.

此外,你的很大一部分收入都会用于一个你永远无法拥有的东西。而且由于你并不真正拥有这处房产,你也就没有动力去花钱布置和装饰它、使它符合你的心意——把房子变成家。总而言之,租房是不令人满意的——你永远无法真正把租来的房子看作自己的家。

As well, a large proportion of your income would go towards something for which you have no permanent possession. And since you do not actually own the place, you will have no incentive to spend on it to furnish and decorate it as you like - to turn the house into a home. In all, renting is unsatisfactory - you can never really see a rented home as your own home.

在理论上，你拥有自己居住的房屋，随着收入允许慢慢付款，这似乎解决了租房的许多问题。这看起来是唯一可行的选择。事实上，处于你这种境况的大多数人都采用这种方式。

This option seems to be the only feasible alternative. In fact this is the system that most people use in your predicament. In theory, you own the house you live in, paying for it slowly as your income allows, and it appears to solve many of the problems with renting.

遗憾的是，按揭的现实与其理论并不相符。它存在的问题甚至比租赁还要多。

Unfortunately, the reality of mortgage does not match its theory. It is riddled with even more problems than renting.

1. 使用抵押贷款购房时，你并不真正拥有这套房子。你必须按时缴纳每月的定期还款，哪怕只漏掉一次，你的房屋也可能被收回。无论是首期还款，还是最后一期，都是如此！ 2. 你的还款大部分并不会用于增加房屋的价值。相反，你所支付的很大一部分是在偿还所借贷款的利息。

1. With a mortgage, you don’t really own your house. You have to give the regular monthly payments on time, and if you miss even one, you can be subject to repossession of your home. This is whether it is your initial payment, or your last! 2. Your payments do not mainly contribute to the value of your house. Rather you are paying a large proportion towards the interest on the loan you have taken.

3. 这些还款要受抵押贷款公司的随意摆布——他们可以随意提高或降低利率，无需与你商量。

3. The payments are subject to the whims of the mortgage company - they can increase or decrease the rates of interest at will, without any discussion with you.

4. 大多数人从未活到真正还清房贷的那一天，因此也从未真正拥有自己的房子，所以他们没有任何财产可以留给子女。

4. Most people never live to actually pay off their mortgage completely and thus really own their house. Thus, they never have anything to pass on to their children.

5. 房价波动如此剧烈，房屋的价值可能在几年之内下跌，甚至跌至你购买时价格的一半！因此，你可能正在偿还一笔即使卖掉房屋也无法收回的债务！然而，比上述所有理由更重要的是伊斯兰教对按揭贷款的立场：

5. House prices are subject to such fluctuation that the value of the house could drop within a matter of years to even as much as half of the value you bought it for! So you may be paying a debt which you could not recover even if you sold your house! However, more important than any of these reasons, is Islam’s opinion on mortgage:

以利息为基础的按揭贷款，对穆斯林而言无疑是明确的哈拉目（禁止之事）。最主要的理由在于：第一，穆斯林必须借取有利息的钱款。安拉（SWT）和祂的使者（ﷺ）禁止收取和支付钱款的利息。安拉（SWT）在《古兰经》中说：

Getting a mortgage (based on interest) is definitely and clearly haram (forbidden) to Muslims. The paramount reasons being that, 1) The Muslim has to borrow money on interest. Allah (swt) and His Messenger (saw) have forbidden the taking and giving of interest on money. Allah (swt) says in the Qur’an.

“那些吞食利息的人，将像被魔鬼以触摸使之疯狂的人一样复活；这是因为他们说：‘买卖与利息是一样的’，而真主允许买卖，禁止利息。”{2:275}

“Those who benefit from interest shall be raised like those who have been driven to madness by the touch of the devil; this is because they say: ‘Trade is similar to interest’ while, Allah has permitted trade and forbidden interest.” [TMQ 2:275].

安拉（SWT）也说。

Allah (swt) also said.

“信道的人们啊！你们应当敬畏真主，应当放弃尚未收取的利息，如果你们是信道的。如果你们不这样做，那么，你们应当知道，真主和他的使者要向你们宣战。如果你们悔悟，你们可以收回本金，你们不要亏人，也不要受亏。”（古兰经 2:278-279）

“O believers, fear Allah and give up the interest that remains outstanding if you are believers. If you do not do so, then be sure of being at war with Allah and His Messenger. But if you repent, you can have your capital. Neither should you commit injustice nor should you be subjected to it.” [TMQ 2:278-279].

贾比尔传述：“先知（saw）诅咒了收取利息的人和支付利息的人、记录利息的人，以及为其作见证的人，并且说：‘他们都是一样的。’”（见于穆斯林、提尔米济和艾哈迈德的圣训集） 艾布·胡莱赖传述，先知ﷺ说：“利巴（高利贷）有七十个等级，其中最轻的，相当于一个男人与自己的母亲通奸。”

Jabir narrated, “The Prophet (saw) cursed the receiver and the payer of interest, the one who records it and the one who witnesses it and he said, ‘They are all alike’ .” (from Muslim, Tirmidhi and Ahmad). Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet (saw) said, “Riba has seventy segments, the least serious being equivalent to a man committing adultery with his own mother.”

2）购房合同不符合伊斯兰教的一项根本条件。在伊斯兰教中，如果你买下一座房子，房子就归你所有。而在按揭贷款合同中，你实际上并不拥有这座房子，直到你还清全部按揭款项之前，房子仍归金融机构所有。如果你未能按时偿还按揭款，就可能被赶出家门，所有的一切都会失去！过去几年里，已有成千上万的人因此失去了自己的住房，无疑还会有成千上万的人step步后尘。

2) The contract of purchase does not satisfy a fundamental condition in Islam. In Islam, if you buy a house, you own the house. In the mortgage agreement, you do not actually own the house but the financial institution owns it until you pay all of your mortgage. You can be kicked out if you fail to keep up with your mortgage payments and all is lost! Thousands of people lost their homes in this way over the past few years, and thousands more will no doubt follow.

因此我们可以看到，住房这一看似简单的问题给我们带来了许多两难困境。然而，伊斯兰国的经济制度对这些问题提供了解决方案。

We can see therefore, that this simple issue of housing causes us many dilemmas. However, the Economic System of the Islamic State has solutions to these problems.

在哈里发国中，居住是每个人的权利。先知（saw）ﷺ说："亚当之子没有比以下更应得的权利：拥有一所供他居住的房屋，一件用来遮盖羞体的衣服，一块面包和一些水。"因此，确保每个人都有居所，是国家的责任。

In the Khilafah, it is the right of every individual to have shelter. The Prophet (saw) said: “The son of Adam has no better right than that he would have a house wherein he may live and a piece of cloth whereby he may cover his nakedness and a piece of bread and some water.” It is therefore the responsibility of the State to ensure that everybody has accommodation to live in.

如果你无力为自己或家人提供住所和生活所需，伊斯兰国将免费为你们提供这些，只要你仍处于这种境况。

So, if you are unable to provide accommodation or sustenance for yourself or your family, the Islamic State will provide these for you free of charge, for as long as you remain in that position.

因此,国家将制定一项有意的政策,通过国家和那些希望为营利而建房的私人大规模建造住房,以确保提供价格可承受的住宅。国家通过实施一些充分考虑个人情况、需要和能力的计划来履行这一责任,从而在决定给予公民何种帮助时做到因人而异。因此,如果您想买房,伊斯兰经济制度为您提供了多种帮助您实现这一目标的机制。这些机制包括:

Because of this, the State would devise a deliberate policy to ensure that affordable accommodation is available through extensive home building both by the State and by private individuals who may want to build for profit. The State achieves this responsibility by the implementation of schemes that take full account of individual circumstances, needs and ability when deciding the type of help to give citizens. Thus, if you want to buy a house, the Islamic Economic System provides you with various mechanisms of helping you to do this. These include:

国家的赏赐：哈里发可以将土地赐予你作私人使用，其中可包括建造住宅。通过此类赏赐，他使你更容易为自己和家人提供住所。先知ﷺ作为伊斯兰国家的统治者，曾将这样的赏赐给予比拉勒（愿真主喜悦他）。跟随先知ﷺ的哈里发们也延续了此类赏赐。国家还可以直接向贫困和需要帮助的人提供住房方面的经济援助，实际上，国家为他们提供这些是一项义务。

Gift from the State: The Khaleefah can give land to you for private use which could include home building. By such grants, it makes it easier for you to provide shelter for you and your family. Such a grant was given to Bilal (ra) by the Prophet (saw) as the ruler of the Islamic State. The Khulafa‘a who followed the Prophet (saw) continued with such grants. The State can also give direct financial assistance to the poor and needy for housing purposes, and indeed it is compulsory for the State to provide this for them.

无息国家贷款：如果您身体健全并且有工作，国家可以提供无息住房贷款。这是为了履行国家为全体公民提供住所的责任。

Interest-free loans from the State: If you are able-bodied and working, the State can provide interest-free loans for housing. This is in response to the State’s responsibility for provision of shelter to all citizens.

分期付款：作为无息贷款的另一种选择，国家可以向您提供可供出售的住房，并附有可负担的付款方式。

Payment by instalments: As an alternative to interest free loans, the State can offer to you accommodation for sale with affordable means of payment.