12.7 伊斯兰与司法
12.7 Islam and the Judiciary
人们或许会在公开场合看到一些骇人的惩罚,例如砍断窃贼的手,或处决杀人犯。这些确实是可怕的场面,会在空旷的场所进行,并在社会的心灵与思想中留下持久的影响;因为社会将亲眼目睹罪犯所承受的剧烈痛苦。
One can expect to see some horrendous punishments in a public display, like cutting the hand of the thief, or the execution of murderers. These indeed are terrible sights, and will take place in open areas, leaving a lasting effect on the hearts and minds of the society; for society will witness the intense suffering of the criminal.
今后,任何有此犯罪念头的人都会三思而后行。即便是后世未曾亲历此事的人,也会因此而三思。事实上,这类刑罚并不经常施行,因为其本质上具有强大的威慑作用。此外,要切断窃贼的手是极其困难的,因为仅凭间接证据是不足以定罪的。因此,司法机关确保不会出现错判,而错判在我们这个时代似乎越来越普遍。
So in future anyone even thinking of committing such a crime will think twice. Even those who did not witness the event in future generations will think twice. For in fact such punishments are not meted out frequently at all, as by their nature they have such a powerful deterrent effect. Furthermore, it is extremely difficult to cut the hand of the thief, for circumstantial evidence is not sufficient. Thus, the judiciary ensures that there would be no wrongful convictions, which seem more and more to be a sign of our times.
严厉的惩罚并不是遏制犯罪的唯一手段。伊斯兰从各个方面处理问题。经济制度保障民众的需求,从而减少偷窃的欲望。教育制度通过提醒社会其对造物主所负的责任,从而压制偷窃的念头。因此,各项制度相互配合、和谐运作。沙特阿拉伯和苏丹等政权之所以失败,原因在于它们只是将伊斯兰的部分内容与人定法并行实施,因此依伊斯兰施以惩罚,却没有依伊斯兰来保障民众的需求。