在伊斯兰法庭上，每个案件只由一名法官负责审理。他有权依据《古兰经》和圣训（逊奈）作出判决。其他法官只能在主审法官提出要求时提供建议或协助。

In an Islamic law court only one judge is responsible for any trial. He has the authority to pronounce judgements based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. Other judges may only advise or assist, if requested to do so by the presiding judge.

伊斯兰的刑罚只有在证据确凿无疑、并且满足所有相关条件的情况下才能执行（例如，要证明通奸，需要四名证人）。如果证据存有任何疑点，整个案件即被驳回。

Islamic punishments can only be administered when the evidence is proven to be definite and all relevant conditions are met (for example four witnesses to prove adultery). If there is any doubt over the evidence the whole case is thrown out.

伊斯兰教中的法官分为三类：

There are three types of judge in Islam :

1) 卡迪·阿姆（Qadi ‘Aam）——负责裁决民众之间的纠纷，例如日常的土地问题、车祸、事故等。

1) Qadi ‘Aam - responsible for settling disputes among the people, e.g. everyday issues over land, car crashes, accidents etc.

2) 卡迪·穆赫塔西卜（Qadi Muhtasib）——负责化解乌玛内部的纠纷，以及处理那些损害社会公共利益的人，例如在街上大声喧哗、在市场上欺诈等行为。