第55条
Article 55
总督无须向哈里发汇报其在授权范围内已经执行的事务。如果出现一个前所未有的新问题,他必须先向哈里发报告,然后依照哈里发的指示行事。如果他担心延误会使问题恶化,则可以先采取行动,之后必须再向哈里发说明未能事先汇报的原因。
The governor is not obliged to inform the Khalifah of what he has carried out within his authorised command. If a new problem arises which has no precedent, he has to inform the Khalifah about it first, and he then proceeds according to the instructions of the Khalifah. If he was afraid that the problem would be exacerbated if delayed, he carries out the action and then must inform the Khalifah later on about the reason for not informing him beforehand.
有证据表明,先知(ﷺ)授权他的总督们,并不要求他们向他汇报所采取的行动,他们也从不向他报告任何事情。相反,他们是完全独立地开展工作的,每个人都凭自己的见解在其管辖范围内治理,穆阿兹、阿塔卜·本·阿西德、阿拉·本·哈达拉米,以及安拉的使者(ﷺ)的所有总督,都是这种做法,这表明总督无需将其任何行动告知哈里发。就此而言,他不同于助理,因为助理必须将他所采取的每一项行动都告知哈里发,而总督则没有义务将其任何行动告知哈里发。
The evidence is that the Prophet (phuh) empowered his governors and did not request them to inform him of what actions they undertook and they did not use to report to him about anything. Rather, they used to undertake their actions with full independence, each of them ruling in his leadership by his opinion; this was the manner of Mu’adh, and ’Attab Bin Asid, Al- ’Ala’ b. Al-Hadrami, and of all of the governors of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) – which indicates that the governor does not inform the Khalifah about anything from his actions. And in this regard, he is different from the assistant, since the assistant must inform the Khalifah about every action that he undertakes, whereas it is not obligatory upon the governor to inform the Khalifah about any of his actions.