6.1 哈里发制度的回归
6.1 The Return of the Khilafah
“先知之道将与你们同在,只要真主愿意它存在。然后,若真主愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现遵循先知之道的哈里发制度,事情将如真主所愿。然后,若真主愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现世袭统治,事情将如真主所愿。然后,若真主愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现暴虐的统治,事情将如真主所愿。然后,若真主愿意,祂会结束它。随后将再次出现遵循先知之道的哈里发制度。”随后,他ﷺ沉默了。
“Prophethood will last with you for as long as Allah wants it to last. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be Khilafah according to the method of Prophethood, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be a hereditary rule, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be an oppressive rule, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be a Khilafah according to the method of Prophethood.” Then he (saw) fell silent”
哈里发制度的复兴
The Return of the Khilafah
伊玛目艾哈迈德在其《musnad》(第四卷第273页)中记载,努尔曼·本·比希尔(愿真主喜悦他)说,先知ﷺ曾说:"先知身份将与你们同在,直到真主希望它存在的时候。然后,如果祂愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现遵循先知方法的哈里发制度,事情将按照真主的意愿发展。然后,如果祂愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现世袭统治,事情将按照真主的意愿发展。然后,如果祂愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现压迫性的统治,事情将按照真主的意愿发展。然后,如果祂愿意,祂会结束它。随后将出现遵循先知方法的哈里发制度。"随后他ﷺ沉默了。" 真主的使者ﷺ预言了哈里发制度在其消亡和毁灭之后的复归。今天,我们正目睹真主的使者ﷺ所告知我们的压迫性统治,然而我们也正临近遵循真主使者ﷺ道路的哈里发制度的复归,他ﷺ曾说它将再次回归。
Imam Ahmad in his Musnad (volume four page 273) narrated from al-Nu’man Ibn Bashir (ra) as saying that the Prophet had stated, “Prophethood will last with you for as long as Allah wants it to last. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be Khilafah according to the method of prophethood, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be a hereditary rule, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be an oppressive rule, and things will be as Allah wishes them to be. Then He will end it if He wishes to end it. Then there will be a Khilafah according to the method of Prophethood.” Then he (saw) fell silent” The Messenger of Allah (saw) has foretold the return of the Khilafah after its demise and destruction. Today we are witnessing the oppressive rule that the Messenger of Allah (saw) informed us of, however we are also nearing the return of the Khilafah that is upon the Minhaj of the Messenger of Allah (saw) that he (saw) stated would once again return.
我们应当认识到,信徒、伊斯兰宣教者以及建立哈里发国家的人们所面临的压迫日益加剧,这恰恰是哈里发国家即将回归的迹象,也是伪善的统治者对此的默认。我们应当因此增添信心,并以先知穆罕默德ﷺ的教导为依据,增强对这些暴君的坚忍、耐心和毅力。伊玛目艾哈迈德在其《圣训集》(Musnad)中,引述马格勒·本·亚萨尔的传述,他说:先知穆罕默德ﷺ说:"在我去世之后,暴政不会长久出现。无论出现多少暴政,就会消失同等程度的公正,直到有人生于暴政之下,从未见过其他任何情形。然后真主将带来公正,无论公正到来多少,就会消失同等程度的暴政,直到有人生于公正之下,从未见过其他任何情形。" 我们如今正处于哈里发国家即将回归的边缘。关于它的回归,有许多圣训和预言。先知穆罕默德ﷺ确实预言伊斯兰的统治将会回归,并且它将在耶路撒冷(al-Quds)确立,哈里发国家的所在地将设于耶路撒冷。
Indeed we should realise that the increased oppression that the believers and the carriers of the Da’awah to Islam and the establishment of the Khilafah are facing is only a sign of the return of the Khilafah and the hypocrite rulers acknowledgment of this. We should take confidence and increase our steadfastness, patience and perseverance against such tyrants from the words of the Messenger of Allah (saw) as narrated from Imam Ahmed in his Musnad on the authority of Maqal ibn Yasar who said that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Tyranny will not be long in appearing after I am gone. Whatever tyranny appears, a like amount of justice will go, until people are born under tyranny who have never known anything else. Then Allah will bring justice, and whatever justice comes, a like amount of tyranny will go, until people are born under justice who have never known anything else.” We are now upon the brink of the return of the Khilafah. There are many narrations and prophecies concerning its return. Indeed the Messenger of Allah (saw) foretold that the rule of Islam will return and also that it will take its place in al-Quds, as the seat of the Khilafah will be in al-Quds.
在伊本·阿萨基尔所著的《大马士革史》中,据尤努斯·本·迈苏拉·本·哈尔巴斯传述,他说:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“这一统治(即哈里发制度)在我之后将先在麦地那,然后在沙姆,然后在半岛,然后在伊拉克,然后再在麦地那,然后在拜特·穆格达斯(耶路撒冷)。当统治在古德斯确立时,那便是它的所在,此后没有人能够将其移除。”乌玛目睹了哈里发的驻地在早期哈里发时代从麦地那、沙姆、伊拉克和麦地那之间迁移。若蒙安拉意欲,它再次回归时将以古德斯为首都! 伊本·萨德和《劳动者的宝藏》(Kanz ul Ummal)14/252的作者都传述:阿布·乌迈拉·穆扎尼说:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“拜特·穆格达斯将会有一次引导性的宣誓效忠(Baya'a)。”艾哈迈德在《圣训集》(Musnad)5/288中,艾布·达乌德在《逊南》第2535条中,以及哈基姆在《补充的圣训》(Al-Mustadrak)中都辑录了这段圣训:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“当哈里发来到圣地时,这意味着地震、灾难和重大事件即将来临,而末日将比我的手离你们的头更近。”哈基姆在《补充的圣训》4/468、艾哈迈德在《圣训集》2/84以及艾布·达乌德在《逊南》第2482条中记载,安拉的使者ﷺ说:“将会发生两次迁徙,而后一次将迁往你们的先父易卜拉欣(愿他平安)迁往的那片土地。” 第一次迁徙是安拉的使者ﷺ的希吉拉,即第一个伊斯兰国家建立之时,该国延续了1342年。若蒙安拉意欲,下一次迁徙将伴随哈里发制度的恢复而到来。我们可以确信哈里发制度必将回归,它将是一个繁荣昌盛、强大有力的哈里发国,将统一伊斯兰的土地,并将伊斯兰传播到世界其他地方。
In the book of Ibn Asakir entitled the “Great history of Damascus”, Yunis Ibnu Maysara Ibnu Halbas is reported to have said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “This rule (i.e. the Khilafah) will be after me in Madina, then in Al-Sham, then in the peninsula, then in Iraq, then in Madina, then in Bayt Al-Maqdis (Al-Quds), and when the rule is established in Al-Quds, that would be its place, and thereafter nobody will be able to remove it.” The Ummah has witnessed the seat of the Khilafah moving from Madina, al Sham, Iraq and Madina in the times of the earlier Khulafa’. Insh’Allah when it returns again it will take al Quds as its capital! Ibn Sad and the author of Kanz ul Ummal 14/252 both narrated that Abu Umayra Al-Mazani said: The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: “There will be a Baya’a of guidance in Bayt Al-Maqdis.” Ahmad in his Musnad (5/288), Abu Dawood in his Sunan No 2535 and Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak extracted the following Hadith: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “When the Khilafah comes to the Holy land, this would mean that the earthquakes, the calamities and the major events are imminent, and that the Hour will then be nearer to people than my hand is to your head.” Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak 4/468, Ahmad is his Musnad 2/84 and Abu Dawood in his Sunan, under number 2482, reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Two immigrations will take place, and the latter will be to the place where your father Ibrahim may peace be upon him had immigrated.” The first Hijrah was that of the Messenger of Allah (saw) at the establishment of the first Islamic State that lasted 1342 years, Insh’allah the next will be with the resumption of the Khilafah. We can be assured of the return of the Khilafah, indeed the Khilafah would be a prosperous one and a mighty one that will unify the Islamic land and carry Islam to the rest of the World.
Al-Nawawi在其《穆斯林圣训解》(Sharhu Muslim)(18/38-39)中,以及在伊玛目艾哈迈德的《圣训集》(Musnad)3/317中,依据哲比尔的传述,记载了如下圣训:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“在我的乌玛的最后一代中,将有一位哈里发,他会不计数地散发钱财。”另一则传述中,安拉的使者ﷺ说:“当世界末日临近时,将有一位哈里发,他会不计数地分配钱财。” 据《穆斯林圣训解》(第18卷第13页)所载,穆斯林在其《沙希赫》中收录了以下圣训;艾布·达乌德在其《圣训集》(Sunan)中收录了(圣训编号4252);提尔米兹(第2卷第27页)、伊本·马哲(2952)、艾哈迈德的《圣训集》(第5卷第278和284页),以及哈基姆在《补充篇》(Al-Mustadrak)(4/479)中,依据塞班的传述记载:安拉的使者ﷺ说:“安拉确已为我收拢大地,我看见了它的东方和西方。我的乌玛的统治,必将到达安拉向我展示的大地的各个角落。” 在伊玛目艾哈迈德的《圣训集》2/176、达里米的《圣训集》(第1卷第126页),以及哈基姆的《补充篇》(3/422)中,依据艾布·盖比勒的传述记载:他说:“我们曾与阿卜杜拉·本·阿慕尔·本·阿绥(Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al A'as)在一起,有人问他:君士坦丁堡与罗马,哪一座城市会先被征服?阿卜杜拉便让人取来一个箱子,从中取出一本书,然后说:我们曾经围坐在安拉的使者ﷺ身边写作,有人问安拉的使者ﷺ:君士坦丁堡与罗马,哪一座城市会先被征服?安拉的使者ﷺ回答:赫拉克略之城将先被征服。”(即君士坦丁堡)
Al-Nawawi in his book entitled Sharhu (explanation of) Muslim (18/38-39) and in the Musnad of Imam Ahmad 3/317 the following Hadith was reported on the authority of Jabir: The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Among the last generation of my Ummah, there will be a Khaleefah who will scatter the money without counting it. In another report the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “When the end of the world is near, there will be a Khaleefah who would divide the money without counting it.” The following Hadith was extracted by Muslim in his Sahih according to Sharhu al-Nawawi (chapter 18 page 13), Abu Dawood in his Sunan (Hadith 4252), Al-Tirmithi chapter 2 page 27), Ibnu Majah (2952) and Ahmad’s Musnad (chapter 5 pages 278 & 284) and Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak (4/ 479), on the authority of Thawban: “The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Verily Allah has cornered (i.e. gathered together) the earth for me, so I saw its eastern and its western parts. And verily the authority of my Ummah will reach the parts of the earth which have been shown to me.” In the Musnad of Imam Ahmad 2/176, and that of Al-Darimi (chapter 1 page 126), and in Al-Mustadrak of Al-Hakim (3/422) the following Hadith was extracted on the authority of Abu Qabil who said: “We were at Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al A’as, and he was asked: Which of the two cities would be conquered first, Constantinople or Rome? So Abdullah asked for a box to be brought, and from it he took out a book and then said: We were once gathered around the Messenger of Allah (SAW) writing, and he (SAW) was asked: Which of the two cities would be conquered first, Constantinople or Rome? The Messenger of Allah (SAW) replied: The city of Heraclius will be conquered first (meaning Constantinople)”.
第一次征服在圣训中所提及的,已经实现了,即君士坦丁堡的征服,由哈里发穆罕默德·阿勒-法提赫领导完成,这发生在真主的使者ﷺ预言此事的八百年之后。借真主的帮助,第二次征服,即罗马的征服,也将很快实现。
The first conquest mentioned in the Hadith has already been achieved, i.e the conquest of Constantinople, under the leadership of the Khaleefah Muhammad Al-Fatih, and this was 800 hundred years after the Messenger of Allah (saw) had foretold it. With the help of Allah, the second conquest, i.e. that of Rome, will be achieved soon.
啊穆斯林们!真主已经应许,给予那些信仰坚定不移、为宗教而努力、使“除真主外别无应受崇拜者”的旗帜高高升起的人以胜利。
O Muslims! Allah has promised the victory to those amongst who have a strong unshakeable Iman and work for the Deen in order to make the Raya (flag) of La ilaha ill Allah the highest.
在《光明章》第55节中,安拉(SWT)应许信士们说,
In Surah al-Nur, verse 55 Allah (swt) promises the Believers,
“真主已应许你们中信道并行善的人,祂必使他们在大地上继承统治权,正如祂使先前的人们继承一样;祂必使他们所选择的宗教(Deen)得到确立,并将他们在恐惧中生活的状况,转变为安全与平安的状况。他们只崇拜我,不以任何东西与我并列。此后仍然不信的人,他们便是悖逆者和罪人。”(TMQ 《光明章》第55节)
“Allah has promised, those among you who believe and work righteous deeds, that He will, indeed, grant them inheritance of power in the earth, as He granted it to those before them; that He will establish in authority their Deen, which He has chosen for them, and that He will change their state, after the fear in which they lived in, to one of security and peace. They will worship Me alone and not associate aught with Me, and those who do reject the faith after this, they would be the rebellious and the wicked.” (TMQ al-Nur, verse 55)
伊玛目古尔泰比在其名为《古兰经教律总汇》(Al-Jami’i Li Ahkam Al-Qur’an)的经注中,就这节经文写道:"正确的说法是,这节经文普遍适用于穆罕默德的乌玛,因为除非传达者(即先知)告知我们其特指,否则不能作特指;而已知的原则是始终坚持其普遍性。" 伊玛目沙wkānī在其名为《胜利之源》(Fath-ul-Qadeer)第4卷第74页中,就这节经文写道:"这是安拉(SWT)对那些信仰安拉并行善之人的应许,即安拉将使他们统治整个世界,正如祂曾经赐予先前的民族那样。这一应许适用于整个乌玛。有人声称这一应许仅限于圣门弟子,但并无证据支持这一说法,因为信仰与行善并不局限于圣门弟子,而是向乌玛中的每一个人开放。" 因此,安拉的使者ﷺ已预言了哈里发制度的重建和这一宗教的主导地位,安拉(SWT)已向我们应许胜利,而我们拥有安拉所赐予的沙里亚,它指引我们如何恢复哈里发制度。
Imam al-Qurtubi wrote in his book entitled Al-Jami’i Li Ahkam Al-Qur’an in commentary about this verse the following: “It is correct to say that the verse applies to the Ummah of Muhammad in general, for the specification does not take place unless the conveyor (i.e. the Prophet) informs us about it; and what is known to be the rule, is to always adhere to the generality.” Imam al-Shawkani wrote about this verse in his book entitled Fath-ul-Qadeer chapter 4 page 74, the following: “This is a promise from Allah (SWT) to those who believed in Allah and performed good deeds, that He will grant them authority over the whole world, as He did grant it to former nations. This promise applies to the whole of the Ummah, it has been claimed that the promise was specific to the Sahabah, but there is no proof to substantiate such a claim, for the belief and the performing of good deeds is not restricted among the Sahabah, but open to every individual from among the Ummah.” So the Messenger of Allah (saw) has foretold the re-establishment of the Khilafah and the dominance of this Deen, Allah (swt) has promised us the Victory and we have a Shari’ah that Allah has blessed us with guiding us upon how to resume the Khilafah.
不仅如此,使者(愿主福安之)预言,将会有一群特定的人,他们以伊斯兰的信仰为纽带结成一个群体,坚守立场抗击暴君,不偏离伊斯兰教的教义,坚持真理,不在意与他们意见不同者,也不在意抛弃他们的人;他们将遭受来自暴君的苦难、考验与磨难,但仍坚守伊斯兰教义,并将获得胜利,在大地上确立真主的法度和祂的宗教。
More than this the Messenger (saw) foretold that a distinct band of people, a Party bonded around the Aqeedah of Islam standing firm against the tyrants not deviating from the Deen of Islam and remaining upon the Haq without caring for those that differ with them, nor those that abandon them; and they will suffer the afflictions trials and tribulations against the tyrants but will stick to the Deen of Islam and will be victorious and establish the order of Allah and his Deen upon the Earth.
伊玛目艾哈迈德在其《musnad》(《圣训集》)中,艾布·达乌德在其《sunan》(《圣训集》)中,均以萨wbān的传述记载:“我的乌玛中将永远有一群人坚守真理,获得胜利,直到安拉的命令降临,那些与他们意见相左的人都不能伤害他们。”艾哈迈德在另一则传述中,文字为“穆斯林”。提尔米兹补充道:“那些抛弃他们的人也不能伤害他们。”
Imam Ahmed in his Musnad and Abu Dawud in his Sunan narrated on the authority of Thawban “There will always be in my Ummah a Party (Taifa) who will remain upon the Haq, victorious, and will not be harmed by those who differ with them until the order of Allah comes” and in another narration from Imam Ahmed, Muslims’. Tirmidhi adds “ those who abandon them will not harm them”.
穆斯林与布哈里均转述,穆阿威叶说:我听到安拉的使者(愿安拉赐福他并使他平安)说:“我的乌玛中将有一群人坚守安拉的命令(qaimat bi amrillah),那些抛弃他们或与他们相左的人无法伤害他们,直到安拉的命令降临,而他们战胜了众人。”
Muslim and Bukhari have related through Muawiya who said: I heard the Messenger if Allah (saw) say, “A Party (Taifa) from my Ummah will be established upon the order of Allah (qaimat bi amrillah) they will not be harmed by those who abandon them or differ with them, until the order of Allah comes and they are victorious over the people”.
布哈里、穆斯林以及伊玛目艾哈迈德在其《圣训集》(Musnad)中也都记载,先知ﷺ说:"我的乌玛中将始终有一群人坚守真理,遵从安拉的命令;那些与他们相left或抛弃他们的人,都无法伤害他们,直到安拉的命令降临,而他们依然坚守在此。"穆阿兹·本·哲白勒(愿安拉喜悦他)说:"他们在沙姆地区。"
Bukhari, Muslim and Imam Ahmad in his Musnad have also narrated that the Prophet (saw) said: “There will be from within my Ummah a Party (Ummatun) established upon the order of Allah, those who differ with them or abandon them will not be able to harm them until the order of Allah comes and they are upon it”. Muadh ibn Jabal (ra) stated “they are in ash Sham”.
伊玛目艾哈迈德和塔巴拉尼通过可靠传述者的传述链,转述了艾布·乌玛ma的传述,他说:先知ﷺ说:“我的乌玛中将有一群人坚守宗教(伊斯兰教)并获得胜利,他们将战胜敌人。与他们意见相左的人对他们的伤害,只是考验和磨难所带来的打击,直到安拉的命令降临,而他们仍然坚守在那里。”随后,传述者们问先知ﷺ:“安拉的使者啊,他们在哪里?”他说:“他们在圣殿(Bayt al Maqdis)及其周边地区。”
Imam Ahmed and Tabarani narrated through a chain with reliable narrators (Rijal al Thiqa) on the authority of Abu Umama who said that the Prophet (saw) said, “There will be a Party from my Ummah who will be Victorious upon the Deen (of Islam), and they will defeat their enemies, they will not be harmed by those who differ with them except what strikes from trials and tribulations until the order of Allah comes and they are upon it.” The narrators then asked the Prophet (saw): O Messenger of Allah (saw) where are they? And he said: “They are in Bayt al Maqdis and the surrounding areas”.
Ibn Majah 在其《Sunan》中,依据 Abu Hurayra 的传述,引用先知ﷺ的话:"我的乌玛中将有一支群体(Taifa)秉承真主的命令而立,那些与他们相left的人不会伤害他们。" Imam al-Hakim 在其《Mustadrak》中,以可靠的传述链(sanad)依据 Umar ibn al-Khattab (ra) 的传述:"我的乌玛中将有一支群体(Taifa)始终坚守真理并获胜,直至末日来临。" Darimi 依据 Mugheerah ibn Shuba (ra) 的传述,他说:真主的使者ﷺ说:"这个乌玛中将有一群人(Qaumun)显露于众人之中,直到真主的命令降临,而他们仍然获胜。" Imam Ahmad 在其《Musnad》(5-114)中,依据 Ubay ibn Abi Ka'ab (RA) 的传述,他说:真主的使者ﷺ说:"你们要向这个乌玛报喜,她将在大地上拥有权力、尊荣、宗教、胜利和主导地位。谁为了今世的回报而努力,而不是为了后世,他在后世将没有任何回报。"
Ibn Majah in his Sunan has related from Abu Hurayara on the authority of the Prophet (saaw), “There will be a Party (Taifa) from my Ummah established upon the order of Allah and they will not be harmed by those who differ with them.” Imam al Hakim in his Mustadrak has related with an authentic sanad (chain) on the authority of Umar ibn al Khattab (ra), “There will be a Party (Taifa) from my Ummah that will remain victorious upon the Truth until the establishment of the Hour” It has been related by Darimi from Mugheerah ibn Shuba (ra) who said that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There will a band of people (Qaumun) from this Ummah who will be manifest from the people until the order of Allah comes and they are victorious” Imam Ahmad extracted in his Musnad (5-114) on the authority of Ubay ibn Abi Ka’ab (RA) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Bring glad tidings to this Ummah, she will have the power, the pride, the Deen, the victory and the authority on earth. So he who worked to reap the rewards in this life rather than in the Hereafter, he would have no reward in the Hereafter.”