1- Within this book, we have referred repeatedly to the concept of material benefit, whilst clarifying its danger to humanity. The corruption within this concept is manifest in its consequences, such as colonialist imperialism. Colonialist imperialism is the horrendous and barbaric act of complete subjugation and exploitation of peoples. It dehumanizes people, enslaving them to others. Centuries of Western colonialist imperialism have brought unspeakable miseries to billions. It reduced previously great civilizations into contiguous swathes of failed states, gripped by tyrannical rule. Colonialist imperialism intruded upon every continent, bringing with it wars, poverty, diseases and hunger. Thus, Western imperialism is a scourge, curse and punishment for all of humankind. It is the pinnacle of evil in the Western civilization and this alone is enough to clarify its corruption.

2- The concept of nation state is a corrupt concept in its fundamental foundation. It is built on the erroneous understanding of nationhood. In reality, a nation acts as a nation in life only when it has shared concepts, convictions and criteria towards life affairs. As for history, geography, race and linguistic heritage as factors, they only contribute to the formation of shared traits amongst people. However, they cannot unify the people upon a single viewpoint towards life. Thus, the only correct method to define the nation is based on its shared ideology. Moreover, the formation of the European nations themselves was generally preceded by little in the way of any of the factors related to nationhood. Accordingly, the history of the so-called nation state in Europe was hastily strung together, based on prevailing divisions of power, whilst the Westphalian treaties were being made. As for the regional amendments since then, they took place for pragmatic reasons, not because of the necessity of nationhood.

3- Amongst the erroneous claims is the claim of preventing regional expansion to put an end to wars. European nations did not generally expand, since the treaties constituting the Peace of Westphalia. However, since then, they routinely fought the fiercest of wars against each other, as well as against the rest of the world. The United States did not expand since it became fifty states. However, it has repeatedly indulged in wars around the world. The correct solution to increase or decrease the strength of the nation, is to allow the modification of regional borders. This is so that the strong nation, which is capable of taking care of the affairs of people, can expand its domain to include other regions. Thus, the strong nation would treat those new regions equally with respect to all its other regions, taking care of their affairs competently, unlike the weak state that is incapable of effectively looking after the affairs of its people. Thus the correct solution to expansion is to invite other peoples to join the state on the basis of equality. Such an approach would be more effective, than the fifty state federation of the US conspiring against the nations of Central and South America, with colonialist imperial plans, in order to subjugate them and control them, as is evidently the case today. The most effective way is to invite some of those nations into a common unification, on the basis of equality with the pre-existing states of the federation.

4- The idea of International Law is an erroneous idea, as laws are mandatory decrees issued by a central authority that is able to implement within its authority. Certainly, there is no higher authority capable of implementing international decrees. Accordingly, the idea of International Law has no meaning. The West brought about this term only to disguise its criminal and colonialist acts, under the veil of justifications of legal pretense. The fact is that nations, since ancient times, were bound by their mutually agreed relationships and not by any over­ riding international law. There were only common international customs and traditions, which were often impossible for any particular nation to manipulate. Any nation that violated these customs and traditions would be subject to isolation, condemnation, sanction and boycott by the entire international community. These international customs and traditions are what constitute a deterrent for any nation, including the powerful nations of the world.

5- Global institutions such as the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, amongst others, are only tools of Western colonialist imperialism, ensuring hegemony and dominance by the major powers. If international organizations are to be formed, they must be truly open to all states. They must not be restricted to any ideology or viewpoint about life. The aim of these organizations must be to become forums and platforms to facilitate honest and sincere communication. This is so that there will be dialogue and negotiation between various states, within which there will be no coercion or enforcement. It is through this alone that peace and stability in world affairs can be restored.